Cq-ROFRS: covering q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough sets and its application to multi-attribute decision-making process

Abstract Pythagorean fuzzy sets (briefly, PFSs) were created as an upgrade to intuitionistic IFSs) which helped address some problems that IFSs couldn’t solve. The definition of q-rung orthopair q-ROFS) is then declared generalize and solve PFS IFS failures. Using the concept PF $$\beta $$ β -neighborhood, Zhan et al. defined description covering through rough set CPFRS). Hussain also developed q-ROF -neighborhood build (Cq-ROFRS). To enhance results in al.’s method a related context, complementary constructed. Hence, using three novel kinds CPFRS are investigated characteristics analyzed. interrelationships between approach our approaches discussed. Besides, examined. Three new Cq-ROFRS models differentiated principles -neighborhood. As result, properties relationships these various model established. Because correlations, we may consider be generalization al’s approaches. Finally, applications MADM Cq-ROFRS, well variances two methods numerical examples presented.